{"id":40150,"date":"2021-06-22T09:58:23","date_gmt":"2021-06-22T16:58:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/mcecleanenergy.org\/climate-change-and-the-natural-world\/"},"modified":"2026-04-07T10:12:24","modified_gmt":"2026-04-07T17:12:24","slug":"climate-change-and-the-natural-world","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mcecleanenergy.org\/fr\/climate-change-and-the-natural-world\/","title":{"rendered":"Le changement climatique et le monde naturel"},"content":{"rendered":"
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La s\u00e9rie MCE Cares se concentre sur les impacts du changement climatique, les strat\u00e9gies d'action climatique et les fa\u00e7ons dont vous pouvez faire la diff\u00e9rence. Le climat est entre nos mains. Quelle action allez-vous entreprendre ? Pour en savoir plus mceCares.org<\/a>.<\/strong><\/h5>

Le changement climatique peut mettre un tiers<\/a> d'esp\u00e8ces menac\u00e9es d'extinction au cours des 50 prochaines ann\u00e9es. Les zones climatiques mondiales se d\u00e9placent et de nombreux animaux et plantes ne seront pas en mesure de migrer ou de s'adapter assez rapidement pour survivre. D'autres esp\u00e8ces verront leur population d\u00e9cliner en raison de la modification radicale de leur habitat. La crise climatique est la premi\u00e8re menace mondiale pour notre environnement, et nous devons agir rapidement pour r\u00e9duire les \u00e9missions et \u00e9viter les impacts les plus catastrophiques sur notre environnement naturel.<\/p>

R\u00e9cifs coralliens<\/strong><\/p>

Comme l'Amazonie, les r\u00e9cifs coralliens constituent l'un des \u00e9cosyst\u00e8mes les plus importants de notre plan\u00e8te. Les r\u00e9cifs prot\u00e8gent les c\u00f4tes de l'\u00e9rosion, abritent des esp\u00e8ces de poissons et de mollusques, ainsi que des esp\u00e8ces de poissons et de mollusques. 25%<\/a> de la vie marine et absorbent pr\u00e8s de 30%<\/a> du carbone pr\u00e9sent dans l'atmosph\u00e8re. L'acidification des oc\u00e9ans et l'augmentation de la temp\u00e9rature de l'eau caus\u00e9e par le changement climatique rendent difficile la formation de r\u00e9cifs par les coraux, le plancton et d'autres cr\u00e9atures marines. La surchauffe due \u00e0 l'augmentation de la temp\u00e9rature de l'eau provoque le blanchiment du corail, qui finit par mourir. Entre 2014 et 2017, 75%<\/a> des r\u00e9cifs de la plan\u00e8te ont connu des temp\u00e9ratures suffisamment \u00e9lev\u00e9es pour d\u00e9clencher le blanchiment.<\/p>

Esp\u00e8ces envahissantes<\/strong><\/p>

On s'attend \u00e0 ce que les changements climatiques provoquent des migrations d'esp\u00e8ces v\u00e9g\u00e9tales et animales vers de nouveaux habitats. Ces esp\u00e8ces non indig\u00e8nes sont souvent appel\u00e9es \"esp\u00e8ces envahissantes\" parce qu'elles envahissent des habitats auxquels d'autres esp\u00e8ces se sont adapt\u00e9es. Les esp\u00e8ces invasives menacent les esp\u00e8ces sauvages indig\u00e8nes, car elles les surpassent souvent pour la nourriture et les autres ressources en raison de l'absence de pr\u00e9dateurs naturels dans le nouvel habitat. Cette migration entra\u00eene l'extinction des esp\u00e8ces indig\u00e8nes n\u00e9cessaires au maintien des \u00e9cosyst\u00e8mes existants. Rien qu'aux \u00c9tats-Unis, le co\u00fbt des esp\u00e8ces envahissantes s'\u00e9l\u00e8ve \u00e0 environ $30 milliards d'euros par an<\/a> dans les efforts d'\u00e9radication.<\/p>

For\u00eats<\/strong><\/p>

Les for\u00eats jouent un r\u00f4le important dans la r\u00e9gulation du climat mondial. Entre 2001 et 2019, Les for\u00eats ont absorb\u00e9 7,6 milliards de tonnes de dioxyde de carbone par an,<\/a> soit 1,5 fois plus de carbone que ce que les \u00c9tats-Unis \u00e9mettent chaque ann\u00e9e. Le changement climatique fait peser des menaces sur les for\u00eats, notamment un risque accru d'incendie, une diminution des pr\u00e9cipitations, un risque plus \u00e9lev\u00e9 d'esp\u00e8ces envahissantes et une augmentation des invasions d'insectes. En 2020, la saison des feux de for\u00eat en Californie \u00e0 elle seule a \u00e9mis 111,7 millions de tonnes de dioxyde de carbone<\/a>et autour de 10,1 millions d'acres<\/a> br\u00fbl\u00e9s \u00e0 travers les \u00c9tats-Unis.<\/p>

Zones humides<\/strong><\/p>

Bien qu'elles ne repr\u00e9sentent que 5-8% de la surface de la terre, les zones humides stockent des quantit\u00e9s importantes d'eau. 20-30%<\/a> du carbone contenu dans les sols de la plan\u00e8te. Le carbone du sol est essentiel au maintien d'un climat mondial stable, mais la sant\u00e9 des zones humides est menac\u00e9e par le changement climatique. Les zones humides sont sensibles aux changements de pr\u00e9cipitations et de temp\u00e9ratures et sont \u00e9galement situ\u00e9es dans des zones c\u00f4ti\u00e8res expos\u00e9es \u00e0 l'\u00e9l\u00e9vation du niveau de la mer et \u00e0 des ph\u00e9nom\u00e8nes m\u00e9t\u00e9orologiques violents.<\/p>

Fonte de la glace\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>

Les nappes glaciaires et les glaciers contribuent au refroidissement de notre plan\u00e8te en r\u00e9fl\u00e9chissant les rayons du soleil dans l'espace. Ces derni\u00e8res ann\u00e9es, cette glace a rapidement fondu en raison du changement climatique. Depuis 1992, les calottes glaciaires couvrant le Groenland et l'Antarctique ont perdu chacune en moyenne 1,5 million d'euros. 100 milliards de tonnes m\u00e9triques<\/a> de glace par an. Les observations par satellite montrent que la glace de mer de l'Arctique diminue \u00e0 un rythme de 13.1% par d\u00e9cennie<\/a>. La fonte des calottes glaciaires provoque une \u00e9l\u00e9vation du niveau de la mer, entra\u00eenant une \u00e9rosion et des ondes de temp\u00eate dans les zones c\u00f4ti\u00e8res. La fonte des calottes glaciaires et des glaciers modifie les courants oc\u00e9aniques et perturbe les conditions m\u00e9t\u00e9orologiques dans le monde entier.<\/p>

Que pouvons-nous faire pour lutter contre le changement climatique ?<\/h2>

R\u00e9duire la consommation<\/strong><\/p>

Lutter contre le changement climatique signifie r\u00e9duire nos \u00e9missions de gaz \u00e0 effet de serre en consommant moins et en choisissant des alternatives respectueuses de l'environnement. En 2019, le plus grand pourcentage d'\u00e9missions de gaz \u00e0 effet de serre provenait des transports. Prenez moins l'avion, conduisez moins, ou optez pour des moyens de transport propres comme les v\u00e9hicules \u00e9lectriques lorsque vous le pouvez. Acheter local permet \u00e9galement de r\u00e9duire les \u00e9missions li\u00e9es au transport.<\/p>

Choisir des alternatives respectueuses de l'environnement<\/strong><\/p>

Si vous ne pouvez pas consommer moins, faites attention \u00e0 ce que vous achetez. Vous pouvez aider en utilisant l'\u00e9lectricit\u00e9 renouvelable 100% comme celle de MCE. Service Deep Green<\/a>Les entreprises qui offrent des emballages compostables et celles qui ont des processus de production neutres en carbone.\u00a0<\/p>

S\u00e9questrer le carbone<\/strong><\/p>

Si nous arr\u00eations aujourd'hui toutes les \u00e9missions de carbone au niveau mondial, les temp\u00e9ratures du climat mondial continueront \u00e0 augmenter au cours des prochaines d\u00e9cennies<\/a>. Pour enrayer compl\u00e8tement le changement climatique, nous devons chercher des solutions pour r\u00e9absorber le carbone \u00e9mis. La s\u00e9questration du carbone est le processus qui consiste \u00e0 capturer et \u00e0 stocker le carbone de l'atmosph\u00e8re. Nos for\u00eats, nos oc\u00e9ans et nos zones humides y parviennent naturellement, et il est donc pr\u00e9f\u00e9rable de se concentrer sur les pratiques qui restaurent ces habitats. La plantation de nouveaux arbres, le reboisement des for\u00eats \u00e9puis\u00e9es et la mise en \u0153uvre de pratiques agricoles uniques, connues sous le nom d'agriculture du carbone, pourraient permettre d'\u00e9liminer jusqu'\u00e0 27 gigatonnes de dioxyde de carbone par an<\/a>.<\/p>

Restaurer les \u00e9cosyst\u00e8mes naturels<\/strong><\/p>

La restauration d'\u00e9cosyst\u00e8mes vitaux tels que r\u00e9cifs coralliens<\/a> et les zones humides peuvent att\u00e9nuer les effets du changement climatique. Les Programme de restauration des zones humides pour la r\u00e9duction des gaz \u00e0 effet de serre<\/a> a permis de restaurer ou d'am\u00e9liorer plus de 7 000 acres d'habitats humides naturels, ce qui a permis de s\u00e9questrer environ 859 783 tonnes d'\u00e9missions de gaz \u00e0 effet de serre. Des organisations telles que Sauver la baie<\/a> facilitent \u00e9galement la restauration de l'habitat local et r\u00e9duisent la pollution pour rendre la r\u00e9gion de la baie plus r\u00e9siliente et durable. Les solutions de restauration peuvent \u00eatre associ\u00e9es \u00e0 d'autres services \u00e9conomiques tels que restauration de l'habitat des terres agricoles<\/a> et Les exigences de MCE en mati\u00e8re d'\u00e9nergie solaire respectueuse des pollinisateurs.<\/a><\/p>

Le climat est entre nos mains. Quelles mesures allez-vous prendre ? L'avenir, c'est maintenant.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

The MCE Cares series focuses on the impacts of climate change, climate action strategies, and the ways you can make a difference. The climate is in our hands. What action […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":40151,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"elementor_theme","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_searchwp_excluded":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[823],"tags":[910,375],"class_list":["post-40150","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-sustainability-and-climate-action","tag-climate-101","tag-climate-activist"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nClimate Change and the Natural World - MCE Blog<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/mcecleanenergy.org\/fr\/climate-change-and-the-natural-world\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Climate Change and the Natural World\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"The MCE Cares series focuses on the impacts of climate change, climate action strategies, and the ways you can make a difference. 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